html - Php Error in_array() null given -

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i followed tutorial on making web crawler app. pulls links page , follows them. have problem pushing foreach loop of links global variable. keep getting error says second variable in in_array should array set to. there there guys might see bugging code?

error:

in_array() expects parameter 2 array, null given

html:

       <?php      $to_crawl = "http://thechive.com/";  $c = array();      function get_links($url){         global $c;         $input = file_get_contents($url);         $regexp = "<a\s[^>]*href=(\"??)([^\" >]*?)\\1[^>]*>(.*)<\/a>";          preg_match_all("/$regexp/siu", $input, $matches);          $l = $matches[2];          $base_url = parse_url($url, php_url_host);          foreach($l $link){             if(strpos($link, '#')){                 $link = substr($link, 0, strpos($link, '#'));             }              if(substr($link, 0, 1) == "."){                       $link = substr($link, 1);             }              if(substr($link, 0, 7) == "http://"){                               $link = $link;                     } elseif(substr($link, 0, 8) == "https://"){                               $link = $link;                     } elseif(substr($link, 0, 2) == "//"){                               $link = substr($link, 2);                     } elseif(substr($link, 0, 1) == "#"){                               $link = $url;                     } elseif(substr($link, 0, 7) == "mailto:"){                               $link = "[".$link."]";                     } else{                         if(substr($link, 0,1) != "/"){                             $link = $base_url."/".$link;                         } else{                             $link = $base_url.$link;                         }                     }             if(substr($link, 0, 7) != "http://" && substr($link, 0, 8) != "https://" && substr($link, 0, 1) != "["){              if(substr($link, 0 , 8) == "https://"){                     $link = "https://".$link;              } else{                 $link= "http://".$link;              }             }          if (!in_array($link, $c)){             array_push($c, $link);             }           }     }      get_links($to_crawl);      foreach($c $page){         get_links($page);     }      foreach($c $page){         echo $page."<br/ >";     }      ?>

trying make "global" $c @ each iteration bad design. should avoid "global" when it's possible.

here see 2 choices :

1/ pass array reference (search google that) in parameter of "get_links" function. allow fill array function.

exemple :

function getlinks($url, &$links){     //do stuff find links     //then add each link array     $links[] = $onelink; }  $alllinks = array(); getlinks("thefirsturl.com", $alllinks); //call getlinks many want  //then array contain links print_r($alllinks);

or 2/ make "get_links" return array of links, , concatenate bigger 1 store links.

function getlinks($url){     $links = array();      //do stuff find links     //then add each link array     $links[] = $onelink;     return $links; }  $alllinks = array(); $alllinks += getlinks("thefirsturl.com"); //call getlinks many want. note concatenation operator += print_r($alllinks);

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